Trogir
Trogir (Italian & Dalmatian: Traù, Latin: Tragurium, Greek Tragurion, Hungarian: Trau) is a
historic town and harbour on the Adriatic coast in Split-Dalmatia County, Croatia, with a
population of 10,907 (2001) and a total municipality population of 13,322 (2001). The
historic city of Trogir is situated on a small island between the Croatian mainland and the
island of Čiovo. It lies 27 kilometres west of the city of Split.
Since 1997, the historic centre of Trogir has been included in the UNESCO list of World
Heritage Sites.
History
In the 3rd century BC, Tragurion was founded by Greek colonists from the island of Vis, and
it developed into a major port until the Roman period. The sudden prosperity of Salona
deprived Trogir of its importance. During the migration of Slavs the citizens of the destroyed
Salona escaped to Trogir. From the 9th century on, Trogir paid tribute to Croatian rulers.
The diocese of Trogir was established in the 11th century (abolished in 1828) and in 1107 it
was chartered by the Hungarian-Croatian king Coloman, gaining thus its autonomy as a
town.
In 1123 Trogir was conquered and almost completely demolished by the Saracens.
However, Trogir recovered in a short period to experience powerful economic prosperity in
the 12th and the 13th centuries. In 1242 King Béla IV found refuge there as he fled the
Tatars. In the 13th and the 14th centuries, members of the Šubić family were most
frequently elected dukes by the citizens of Trogir; Mladen III (1348), according to the
inscription on the sepulchral slab in the Cathedral of Trogir called "the shield of the Croats",
was one of the most prominent Šubićs.
In 1420 the period of a long-term Venetian rule began.
On the fall of Venice in 1797, Trogir became a part of the Habsburg Empire which ruled over
the city until 1918, with the exception of French occupation from 1806 to 1814. After World
War I, Trogir, together with Croatia, became a part of the State of Slovenes, Croats and
Serbs and subsequently the Kingdom of Yugoslavia. During this period Italian citizens, until
1918 the ruling class and almost half part of the population, were forced to leave for Italy.
During World War II, Trogir was occupied by Italy and subsequently liberated in 1944. Since
then it belonged to the second Yugoslavia, and from 1991 to Croatia.
Cultural heritage
Trogir has a fascinating 2300 years of continuous urban tradition. Its rich culture was
created under the influence of old Greeks, Romans, and Venetians. Trogir has a high
concentration of palaces, churches, and towers, as well as a fortress on a small island, and
in 1997 was inscribed in the UNESCO World Heritage List. "The orthogonal street plan of
this island settlement dates back to the Hellenistic period and it was embellished by
successive rulers with many fine public and domestic buildings and fortifications. Its beautiful
Romanesque churches are complemented by the outstanding Renaissance and Baroque
buildings from the Venetian period", says UNESCO report.
Trogir is the best-preserved Romanesque-Gothic complex not only in the Adriatic, but in all
of Central Europe. Trogir's medieval core, surrounded by walls, comprises a preserved
castle and tower and a series of dwellings and palaces from the Romanesque, Gothic,
Renaissance and Baroque periods. Trogir's grandest building is the church of St. Lawrence,
whose main west portal is a masterpiece by Radovan, and the most significant work of the
Romanesque-Gothic style in Croatia.
The most important sites:
· Historical city core, with about 10 churches and numerous buildings from 13th century
· The city gate (17th cent.) and city walls (15th cent.)
· The Fortress Kamerlengo (15th century)
· The Duke's Palace (13th century)
· The cathedral of St.Lawrence from the 13th century with the Portal of Master
Radovan, the unique work of this great Croatian artist
· The big and small palaces Cipiko from the 15th century
· The city loggia from 15th century
Economy
Tourism is the most important economic factor in the Trogir region, covering 50% of the
municipal budget with more than 20,000 beds in hotels and private apartments. There is
also a strong fishing and agriculture tradition among the population in surrounding areas.
The most important industry is shipbuilding, with shipyard "Trogir" established at the
beginning of the 20th century. The shipyard has a capacity of two ships of 55,000 tons.
Between 1990 and 2004, 93 ships were built in the shipyard.
Infrastructure
Trogir lies six kilometers from Split Airport, and a regular bus connects Trogir with the airport
and Split. In the future, the Split Suburban Railway will be lengthened towards the airport
and Trogir.
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